Publication
 

Contrasting effects of defaunation on aboveground carbon storage across the global tropics

Defaunation is causing declines of large-seeded animal-dispersed trees in tropical forests worldwide, but whether and how these declines will affect carbon storage across this biome is unclear. Here we show, using a pan-tropical data set, that simulated declines of large-seeded animal-dispersed trees have contrasting effects on aboveground carbon stocks across Earth’s tropical forests. In our simulations, African, American and South Asian forests, which have high proportions of animal-dispersed species, consistently show carbon losses (2–12%), but Southeast Asian and Australian forests, where there are more abiotically dispersed species, show little to no carbon losses or marginal gains (±1%). These patterns result primarily from changes in wood volume, and are underlain by consistent relationships in our empirical data (B2,100 species), wherein, large-seeded animal-dispersed species are larger as adults than small-seeded animal-dispersed species, but are smaller than abiotically dispersed species. Thus, floristic differences and distinct dispersal mode–seed size–adult size combinations can drive contrasting regional responses to defaunation.

Authors: 
Anand M. Osuri, Jayashree Ratnam, Varun Varma, Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Johanna Hurtado Astaiza, Matt Bradford, Christine Fletcher, Mireille Ndoundou-Hockemba, Patrick A. Jansen, David Kenfack, Andrew R. Marshall, B. R. Ramesh, Francesco Rovero & Mahesh Sankaran
Journal: 
Nature Communications
Year: 
2016
Volume: 
7
Pages: 
1-7
DOI: 
10.1038/ncomms11351